The Impact of Minaret Design Variation on the Urban Visual Landscape in Zliten: Between Architectural Authenticity and Contemporary Expression

Abstract

Minarets represent one of the most significant elements of Islamic architecture, not only for their religious function but also for their strong visual presence that shapes the identity of the city. In Zliten, this significance is evident in the rich architectural heritage that reflects an interaction between traditional forms and contemporary construction practices. This study examines how variations in minaret design influence the urban visual scene, using a purposive sample of eight minarets representing three design categories: traditional, contemporary, and hybrid. The study aims to identify the design characteristics of traditional and contemporary minarets, highlight the differences between them, and assess the impact of these differences on visual harmony within the urban fabric. The study employed a descriptive-analytical approach, relying on field observation cards, photographic documentation, and comparative visual analysis. The results indicate that traditional and hybrid minarets achieve higher visual integration because of recognizable elements—such as prominent heads, balconies, local materials, and geometric ornamentation—while contemporary minarets show lower harmony due to simplified forms and a lack of symbolic architectural features. The study concludes with recommendations to incorporate local architectural identity into future minaret designs to preserve the visual character of Zliten.