History of Medicine in the Abbasid State: Examples of The Most Famous Doctors and Medical Specializations (132-656 AH/749-1258 AD)

Abstract

This research presented the history of medicine in the Abbasid state، focusing on notable physicians and medical specialties (132-656 AH / 749-1258 AD). The study aims to highlight the humanitarian aspect of the medical profession، which strives to preserve the health of all creatures by combating diseases. Additionally، it emphasizes the esteemed position of physicians in the Abbasid state. The study clarifies the key medical specialties and their roles in patient care. The methodology employed is historical research، utilizing analytical، inferential، and descriptive approaches. Among the significant findings are the diversity observed during anesthesia procedures، where multiple assistants supported the physician. Muslim physicians also contributed to establishing the foundations of medicine by translating and disseminating knowledge from earlier civilizations. Furthermore، Abbasid medical science، particularly during the Abbasid era، was influenced by the Greek theory of the four humors، which they adopted as a fundamental basis for their treatments. The Abbasid physicians were the first to formulate specific literature and regulations for the medical profession. The work of cupping therapists and barbers was limited to minor surgical procedures. In conclusion، this study’s importance lies in adding a valuable contribution to Arabic and Libyan libraries in the field of knowledge.