The annual Scientific Conference for Under and Postgraduate Students at the University.
The annual scientific conference for undergraduate and graduate students at Alasmarya Islamic University is a scientific conference held annually at the university, under the supervision and organization of the university's Center for Scientific Research and Studies. The first edition was held in 2023. [For more information about the third edition of the conference]
مركز البحوث والدراسات العلمية، الجامعة الأسمرية الإسىلامية
Fabrication of Reinforcing Bars Made of Glass Fibers Reinforced with Polyester Polymer and Measurement of some of their Mechanical Properties
This study investigates the tensile and bending resistance of reinforcing bars made from glass fibers with polyester resin as a binding material. The bars were fabricated using two methods: manual fiber winding after mixing with resin and manual casting in cardboard molds. Bars of lengths (50 cm) and diameters (8 mm, 10 mm, 12 mm) were produced. Testing revealed that manually wound samples with smaller diameters exhibit the highest tensile strength (400 MPa), with tensile strength values ranging from 30 to 40 kg/mm² depending on sample diameter. Bending resistance was found to be inversely proportional to radius. Tensile tests indicated that the samples belong to the category of semi-ductile materials. Additionally, tests showed that samples cast in cardboard molds failed due to non-uniform composition and the presence of air bubbles trapped inside the bars.
Copyright (c) 2024 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
The Impact of Product Boycotts on Franchise Agreements
Since the outbreak of the war in Gaza on October 7, 2023, calls for boycotts have intensified, urging the boycott of American and European products that support the Zionist entity, considering it an effective economic weapon. These campaigns began with the boycott of branches of major companies through franchise agreements, which are contracts between two parties: the franchisor (the trademark owner) and the franchisee (the beneficiary of the trademark in exchange for a fee paid to the former). With the spread of the boycott campaign, franchisees have suffered economically, resulting in difficulties in fulfilling their contractual obligations. This research examines the legal implications of economic boycotts on the contractual obligations of the parties involved in franchise agreements, exploring the distinctions between force majeure and hardship and their effects. Ultimately, we conclude that economic boycotts can, at times, be considered force majeure and, at other times, hardship, depending on the specific circumstances faced by the franchisee.
The Effectiveness of a Group Behavioral Psychotherapy Program in Reducing the Level of Psychological Loneliness among a Sample of Special Education Female Students
The study aimed to develop a behavioral therapeutic program and determine its effectiveness in reducing the feeling of psychological loneliness among female students of Special Education at the Faculty of Human Science for Girls, Alasmarya Islamic University, in the city of Zliten, during the period from November 17, 2022, to January 19, 2023. It also sought to identify the differences between the experimental and control groups in psychological loneliness. The main sample consisted of 16 female students from the Department of Special Education, equally divided between the experimental and control groups. The researchers adopted the experimental method and employed the Psychological Loneliness Scale and the Behavioral Counseling Program. The study concluded that there were no statistically significant differences between the two groups. Accordingly, no differences appeared between the pre- and post-test results of the two groups. The lack of effectiveness of the program may be attributed to the deletion of several items from the scale—based on the decision of the supervisor and the evaluators—or to the lack of validity in the participants’ responses.
Track Two: Psychological, Educational, and Social Sciences
Copyright (c) 2023 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
Design an Android Application to Read Banknotes for the Blind and Visually (Cash Reader)
This research aims to design an application for recognition of Libyan cash currency. It works on Android System for blind and sight weak people. The idea of the application is enabling those people of recognizing all local Libyan currency categories by using technology assistance that is already used in the application which is by its role includes extracting the text from the image as well as extracting Algorithms of the search out of the currency text within the extracted text and its conformity which helps for reading the currencies loudly and much easier. Due to the clarity of the requirements of this system, the waterfall model methodology has been used as an executive model of the system. As an inform Data were collected to design and identify the requirement of the system by using personal interview method which is conducted with visual disability that are existed AL-Hama organization. As a result of it, wide range of answers are collected. These answers are formed the basic stone towards starting the processing the problem through this search. As a successful step, the general research has also been taken advantage of different sources of information. This search follows the method of analytical description for tracking previous studies as well as studying and analyzing them. Experimental approach to analyze the system and (UML) language are used. Then, designing the system through an Android studio program by using Java software. Next, this system is linked with a Firebase. Lastly, the partial and full testing of this system has been done in purpose of discovering and processing errors. As a result, this search gained consequences and the most important of them represented in accessing to design easy-use application in order to take in account blind people as it is free of complexity and treats the problems that blind people are suffer from especially currency paper in a way that saves their money and avoids them theft. This search recommended some tips that time did not allow for achieving them which are making the application works by audio orders in order to make it easier for targeted people. In addition, it recommends feature OD recognition forged currency and alerting the blind person about it.
Track Seven: Computer Science and Information Technology
Proportionality in Surat Al-Shams: Thematic Interpretation Style
This research is intended to study the proportionality in Surat Al-Shams, and proportionality is intended verbal and moral proportionality of Surat Al-Shams by knowing the reasons for the arrangement of the surah and its compatibility, and the verses of the one surah and its compatibility, and the combined face between the beginning of the sura and its section, based on the inductive analytical approach to reveal the relationships that link the topics of this surah and its purposes, and show the intellectual pattern regulating its meanings and buildings, and the research reached a set of results, the most prominent of which was that the proportion in Surat Al-Shams between the strength of connection and interdependence of the verses of Surat Al-Shams, and even the strength of The interconnection of Surat Al-Shams with what preceded it (Surat Al-Balad) and with what follows (Surat Al-Lail), and in that it responded to those who challenge the verses of God (, and the faces of rhetorical miracles deposited in the arrangements and links, which contributed to understanding its intention with the shortness of its verses, but it includes great meanings and directives, calling for the goodness of the individual with his community, and his cooperation to stay away from falling into what causes the wrath of God and show the good consequence of the one who pays tribute to himself, and the bad consequence of those who follow his whims.
The Role of the Anti-Corruption Commission and the Administrative Control Authority in Combating Corruption in Libya
The study aims to identify the causes of corruption, and the methods and mechanisms used to combat corruption in Libya by the official regulatory bodies after 2014; as for the problematic study, it tries to research the impact that corruption has on the work of public institutions and the role played by government regulatory agencies in reducing it; the study used the descriptive analytical approach in an attempt to track the phenomenon of corruption in Libya and explain the ways of its spread and the weakness of regulatory institutions in combating it. The study reached the most important results: Despite the effective impact of SAIs in fighting corruption, on the other hand, they lack other deterrent and judicial institutions; as for the recommendations of the study, they need political stability, and legislation that addresses the conflict of competencies between them, as well as elements of efficiency in carrying out their role.
Track Three: Economic and Political Sciences
The Role of Oversight Bodies in Combating Corruption in Libya: A Study of the Audit Bureau
This study aims to shed light on administrative and financial corruption in Libya during the period 2015–2020, and to identify the central oversight bodies in Libya, their tasks, mandates, and the role each plays in combating corruption, with a focus on the Audit Bureau as a case study. The study addresses the central question of how effective the central oversight bodies are in reducing financial and administrative corruption. It adopts a descriptive-analytical approach to explore the phenomenon of corruption in Libya, highlighting its causes and impacts, as well as the role of oversight bodies in detecting and combating it. The study reached several key findings, most notably: the weakness of the legislative, executive, and judicial frameworks for combating corruption has hindered the efforts of specialized central bodies; and the lack of clear distinctions and overlaps in the mandates of the main central oversight bodies have led to neglect of their core role, negatively impacting their effectiveness in curbing corruption. The study recommends adopting a national policy starting with the achievement of social justice, prioritizing the application of governance in public institutions, and enhancing the system of prior oversight exercised by the Libyan Audit Bureau to significantly improve its effectiveness in reducing corruption. It also calls for granting central oversight bodies the independence and sufficient authority to fulfill their role in eradicating widespread corruption, as well as revisiting existing legislation and laws that fail to deter perpetrators, such as the lenient disciplinary sanctions stipulated in the Labor Relations Law.
E-Governance in Public Institutions: A Study of the Alasmarya Islamic University Website
This study aims to clarify the feasibility of implementing e-governance in public government institutions and the obstacles it faces, with a focus on Alasmarya Islamic University as a case study. It adopts a descriptive-analytical approach to examine the reality of applying e-management in Libyan public institutions and to explain the reasons behind the weak implementation of governance. It also evaluates the Alasmarya Islamic University website. The research problem lies in identifying the relationship between e-governance and performance improvement in academic institutions, and the extent to which it is applied on the Alasmarya Islamic University website. The study reached several findings, the most important of which is that the university’s website meets the standards adopted in e-management, but not to a high degree in most of them. Furthermore, there is no near-term goal to achieve the third stage or standard, namely ‘smart management’. This is attributed to bureaucratic authority and the weakness of human, material, and technical resources. The study recommends the need to prepare the infrastructure for the successful implementation of e-governance in government institutions and Alasmarya Islamic University by providing effective information and communication systems to facilitate information transfer and flow. Public institutions and universities should also engage in planning, training, and development to move towards achieving the third standard in e-management — ‘smart electronic management’.
Crisis Management in the Context of the COVID-19 Pandemic: The Municipality Council of Zliten as a Model
This study aims to shed light on some successful experiences in managing health crises, and to assess the extent to which they benefit from them in the Libyan case, as well as to identify the extent to which the Zliten Municipal Council can manage crises that can occur in general and the Corona crisis in particular. The descriptive analytical approach is used in the study. As for the conclusion of the study, it is that the crisis committee in the municipality of Zliten was not fully prepared to confront the Corona virus. This recommends the need to develop a special law regulating crisis management in the Libyan state and the establishment of a special body or ministry for crises within the ministries of the Libyan government, and that the municipality of Zliten work on the establishment of an emergency and crisis management center in the municipality.
Biochemical Effects of Formic Acid and Formaldehyde on the Activity of Selected Enzymes existing in Experimental Rats
This study aimed to evaluate the toxic effects of formic acid and formaldehyde on the biochemical enzymes in the blood using white rats. The rats were divided into seven groups: a control group, and groups treated with formic acid or formaldehyde at two different concentrations (0.5% and 1%). The effects on heart, liver, and kidney enzymes were studied, including alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate transaminase (AS), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), creatine kinase (CPK), and blood creatinine levels, to determine the toxic effects. The results revealed that both formic acid and formaldehyde led to noticeable changes in the enzyme levels studied, indicating their harmful effects on the targeted tissues. Rats treated with a 1% concentration showed more severe effects compared to the 0.5% concentration, with a significant increase in liver and heart enzyme levels, indicating potential damage to these organs. These effects suggest that formic acid and formaldehyde cause oxidative stress and inhibit enzyme activity, leading to metabolic disturbances in the targeted organs. The study highlights the danger of chronic exposure to these chemicals, which are widely used in various industries, especially in occupational environments. The study recommends taking strict preventive measures, such as improving ventilation systems and wearing personal protective equipment to reduce exposure to these substances. Additionally, further studies are suggested to understand the molecular mechanisms behind these toxic effects.
Cybercrimes are a new type of crime that has emerged due to modern information and communication technology. These crimes differ significantly from traditional crimes in terms of their components, methods of commission, and the virtual environment in which they occur, as well as the privacy of their perpetrators. This makes them an unfamiliar phenomenon in traditional criminal law texts, both substantively and procedurally. Therefore, attempting to apply traditional investigation and evidence procedures to this new type of crime will not meet the requirements of the principle of procedural legality and will lead to many obstacles for investigative authorities. With the increasing rates of cybercrimes and their impact on various aspects of life due to their connection to the internet, countries have been forced to amend their traditional procedural texts to become effective in combating these crimes, until new texts are established that match the specific nature of cybercrimes and keep pace with the accompanying developments and changes.
Estimation of the Date Production Function in Libya during the Period (1995-2020)
This study aimed to estimate the production function of dates in Libya using the Cobb-Douglas production function with constant elasticity, based on time series data for the period (1995-2020) after testing for stationary. The quantitative ARDL methodology was employed, along with the Indicator Saturation method to explore outliers and structural changes by incorporating dummy variables. The analysis was conducted using the statistical software Eviews (versions 10-13), GRETL, and Excel. The findings indicate that the production function of dates during the study period is capital-intensive. Specifically, a 10% increase in capital leads to a 10.7% increase in date production. Additionally, the function shows a positive relationship with labor, where a 10% increase in labor results in a 1.2% increase in date production. Comparing the elasticity of labor and capital, the results demonstrate that the date production function is capital-intensive.
Modern Criminal Policies: Trends and Challenges in Combating Crime A Historical and Analytical Study
Crime has significantly evolved with the advancement of human societies, as its types and methods have changed with economic, social, and technological shifts. Consequently, the system of punishment had to evolve to address these new challenges. One of the main challenges in combating crime today is the rapid technological development that has provided criminals with new tools and techniques to commit their crimes and evade capture. This includes cybercrimes that threaten individuals, institutions, and governments alike, where criminals can hack systems, seize sensitive information, or destroy digital infrastructure. To address these challenges, security and judicial authorities must adopt advanced technologies such as artificial intelligence and big data analytics to monitor suspicious activities and combat crime more effectively. This also requires modern legislation that aligns with technological advancements to criminalize new acts and regulate law enforcement processes. Moreover, enhancing international cooperation has become imperative, as cyber and cross-border crimes necessitate joint efforts and information sharing between countries. In this context, international organizations play a pivotal role in coordinating efforts and supporting the development of technical capabilities among member states. In conclusion, the evolution of crime and punishment represents a complex challenge that requires the integration of advanced technologies, modern legislation, and international cooperation to ensure a safe and stable society.
Epidemiology and Etiology of Tinea Capitis among Patients Attending Zliten Medical Center in Zliten, Libya
Tinea capitis is a prevalent fungal infection of the scalp, affecting mainly children and potentially causing scarring and alopecia if untreated. Primarily caused by dermatophyte fungi, including Microsporum and Trichophyton species, the infection spreads through close contact, often in school settings or homes with animals. Understanding the infection’s epidemiology and causative agents in specific areas can help shape preventive and treatment measures. This study investigates epidemiological features of age and gender distribution, and common fungal species causing Tinea capitis among patients at the Zliten Medical Center in Libya. Data were collected from 178 patients from January 2021 to August 2024, encompassing demographic details, clinical diagnoses, and diagnostic results, including Potassium hydroxide (KOH) microscopy and fungal cultures. Patients were grouped by age and gender, and diagnostic results were reviewed to identify specific fungal pathogens. Among the 178 patients, 57.3% were male and 42.7% were female, with the highest prevalence in the 6–12 age group (47.8%), followed by ages 1–5 (37.1%). Positive results for KOH microscopy were 45.5%, and culture testing confirmed dermatophyte growth in 44.9% of cases. Microsporum canis was the most frequently isolated species (22.5%), followed by Trichophyton verrucosum(10.7%).. The findings highlight Tinea capitis as a pediatric condition, especially in young males, with Microsporum canis indicating zoonotic transmission. These results underline the importance of targeted public health initiatives and hygiene education, particularly in schools and homes with animals, to minimize transmission rates.
Track Eight: Medical and Health Sciences
The Effectiveness of a Training Program in Developing Awareness of Certain Nonverbal Communication Skills among a Sample of Secondary School Female Students
The aim of the research was to identify the effectiveness of a training program designed to enhance awareness of certain nonverbal communication skills among a sample of high school female students. This was achieved by examining the differences between the scores of the experimental group and the control group before and after the implementation of the program. Additionally, the study aimed to assess the improvement in the scores of the experimental group after the program's conclusion. To accomplish this, an experimental methodology was employed, using a non-verbal communication scale applied to a sample consisting of 28 students, divided into two groups: 14 students in the experimental group and 14 in the control group. The results indicated that the training program was effective in enhancing nonverbal communication skills among the students. The findings revealed no statistically significant differences between the scores of the experimental and control groups in the pre-test of non-verbal communication skills. However, there were statistically significant differences in the scores of the experimental group between the pre- and post-tests, indicating the impact of the training program. Conversely, the control group showed no statistically significant differences between the pre- and post-tests. Finally, significant differences were found between the scores of the experimental and control groups in the post-test, confirming the effectiveness of the program in improving nonverbal communication skills among the students Keywords: communication, non-verbal, skills, and training.
The Concept of Faith and the Ruling on the Major Sinner in Wa‘idiyyah Theology
With this research, we would like to shed light on the issue of faith and the ruling of the perpetrator of the major sin in the thought of Al-Wa'idiyah, as an issue rooted in the life of the believer, and we aim to demonstrate the correct understanding of the texts of the Qur'an and Sunnah, to prove the correct belief, and to respond to the wrong innovated opinions and sayings. And the truth of the intellectual debate about the issue of faith and their position on the perpetrator of major sins, since this issue formed the most prominent hotbeds of the intense intellectual conflict that raged between Mu’tazili and Ash’ari thought, When the dispute occurred after the death of the Messenger, may God’s prayers and peace be upon him, the nation separated into several teams. Because of the difference in opinion, and he tried to direct all the thoughts of reaching the goal in the matter of faith and judging the salary of the major sin. And that is each according to the means of research and investigation available to him, so the response was with expressions filled with resentment, and its style was misleading and disparaging, but rather tafsiq, atonement and fraud, and they differed in the concept of faith, the texts of promise and intimidation, and the judgment of the perpetrators of major sins. Its members, and the dispute remained to this day, with (each doctrine reserved the privacy of its opinion), which led to a defect in the correct and established belief, and their understandings and ideas differed.
The Russian-Ukrainian Crisis and its Repercussions on the International System
The Russian-Ukrainian crisis, which erupted widely in February 2022, is one of the most significant geopolitical transformations of the 21st century. It has reshaped the international order and raised fundamental questions about the future of international relations, the balance of power, and the concept of sovereignty. The crisis began with a large-scale Russian military escalation against Ukraine, driven by historical, security, and geopolitical factors, most notably Moscow's rejection of Kyiv's accession to NATO and its view of Ukraine as part of its traditional sphere of influence. This study discusses the Russian-Ukrainian crisis and its implications for the international order. It aims to analyze this crisis and its repercussions for the international order, and attempts to anticipate future scenarios for the crisis. The study also highlights the most important findings and recommendations reached.
The Problem of the Peaceful Transfer of Power... Libya as an Example
Most countries in the world tend to explicitly or implicitly stipulate a basic principle in constitutional systems that distance themselves from injustice and tyranny, namely, the principle of peaceful transfer of power. For the society it governs, hence the issue of the peaceful transfer of power constitutes a mass goal to limit its arbitrariness and tyranny. The importance of this principle is highlighted in that it represents the main pillar in democratic systems that care about human rights and preserve their dignity, as it represents the civilian pattern of power against the military or dictatorial tyranny
A Comparative Study of Some Methods of Definite Numerical Integration Using Maple Software
Numerical Integration is defined as how to find the approximate value of a given integral it is usually resorting to when there is difficulty or it is not possible to calculate the value of the integral using the usual methods, or when the formula of the function is not known but its values are known at a finite number of points. This study aims to compare between three numerical integration methods which are (the Trapezoid Method, the Simpson’s Method and Romberg's Method) to get to the best method in terms of accuracy of results and speed of convergence to exact value. And it also aims to effect of increasing the number of division of the period and the integration limit sign and type of the mathematical form of the function on the accuracy. The comparison was completed by using the Maple 18 Program in calculating the exact and approximate values (rounded to nine decimal digits after the comma) and calculate the absolute error of a number of single integrals of various functions in mathematical forms and continuing in its periods of integration. From the results reached is that the Trapezoid method have their results converging to the exact value of the integrals of trigonometric and multi-definition functions faster than other methods. As for the integrals of other functions (that are being studied) the Romberg's method is the best method and the Simpson's method comes in second place. Also increasing the number of division of the period does not always lead to an increase in the accuracy of the results for all integrals, And that when the function curve falls in the first quadrant, the methods of numerical integration gives very accurate results compared to whether the function curve falls in the first and second quadrants together or in the second quadrant which we got the lowest accuracy of the methods.
Murder by Witchcraft between Islamic Sharia and Law
This study aims to clarify and explain the truth about murder by witchcraft in Islamic jurisprudence and methods of proving it, and to explain the Libyan criminal law on it. The study followed the inductive, comparing, and analytical approach, by extrapolating the sayings of jurists, comparing jurisprudential schools of thought, and analyzing the texts of the law. The study reached several results, the most important of which are ;that magic has many meanings due to the difference in its reality and the effects resulting from It ,and that the ruling on magic is blasphemy according to the agreement of the imams of jurists, and the positions of countries and man-made laws varied regarding the crime of magic some of whom were content with describing it as a fraudulent crime, and some of them considered it an independent crime deserving of punishment. Most jurists have made magic a form of premeditated murder that requires retaliation. However, the Libya legislator did not explicitly stipulate that magic is not valid as a means of killing considering magic is a moral means, it is difficult to prove, and not all methods of proof are suitable for proving this crime. This study could open new horizons for scientific research related to murders by magic, which will enrich the scientific library in this field.
Isolate and Diagnose the Bacteria that Cause Inflammation of Wounds after Surgery in Zliten Medical Center
Collected 50 samples taken from patients suffering from infections of surgical wounds in Zliten Teaching Hospital of Zliten over the months of August and September where they were conducting 662 surgeries during the study period. These samples were planted on cultures media for the purpose of isolation and diagnosis bacterial etiology, and then bacterial farms were subjected to microscopic examination and testing sensitivity to antibiotics and the results showed bacterial growth to occur by 96% where the bacteria Staphylococcus spp strain prevalent in this study, 48%, followed by bacteria Pseudomonas spp 22%, then the bacteria Klebsiella spp by 13.3% , Proteus spp , Escherichia coli , Citrobacter spp and Streptococcus spp at rates of 6.7%, 4.4%, 2.2%, 2.2%, respectively, also show a mixed samples carrying two types of bacterial etiology of 6%. Antibiotic sensitivity test results also showed that all types of bacteria isolated were sensitive to antibiotics Amikicine Polymexin, Ciprofloxacillin, Gentamicin, and Tetramycin variable rates while the resistance, and high rates of antibiotics Amoxicillin, Amipicillin, and Augmantin. The study also showed that females were more susceptible to the infection after the operation increased by 66.6%, and also show that the age group of 25-40 were more a class exposed to infection of wounds after surgery, it turns out that the incidence of inflammation rate for the total number of operations during the study period 6.7% and the index is not considered dangerous because of going through the country from crises in the lack of medical supplies and health care.
Personal Spending on Self-Education and Its Role in Achieving Economic Empowerment
The study highlights the role of personal spending on self-education in achieving economic empowerment in Libya, using an analytical methodology and a survey. The results showed that 74% of participants do not work in government jobs, indicating a pressing need for employment opportunities. Meanwhile, 60% believe that training courses did not provide them with real job opportunities. The study confirmed the weak impact of self-education on economically empowering individuals, as 46% of participants indicated that the jobs they obtained were insufficient to secure sustainable income. On the other hand, the results indicated that spending on self-education was not economically beneficial for individuals in Libya, with 74% of participants reporting that they did not gain significant benefits from these investments. Among the areas of self-education spending, Quran memorization was the most common at 16%, while education in other fields remained limited. The study recommends increasing investment in vocational and technical education, developing self-education content to align with labor market needs, and providing electronic infrastructure to support online self-education.
Analytical Study of the Science Book for the Ninth Grade of Basic Education in Libya
The study analyzes the content of the third chapter on human reproduction in the science book for the ninth grade in Libya. A sample of 11 topics in biology was studied. After consulting specialists, the students prepared a content analysis form consisting of 6 axes and 8 branches. The study found a defect in the vertical sequence of topics, making it difficult to understand the stages of reproduction. The study found a lack of logical progression in the curriculum, hindering students' understanding of relationships between topics. The connection between basic concepts and theories was weak, causing difficulty in comprehending their interconnectedness. However, the reproduction chapter relates closely to real-life, with strong links to students' daily experiences. Additionally, there is a weakness in the quality of questions that measure higher mental abilities, such as application, analysis, and creativity. A variety of educational strategies can enhance students' understanding of interrelationships between concepts. The study recommends analyzing ninth grade science curriculum, reconsidering topic sequence, and providing applications and activities to enhance learners' mental abilities.
Hadith:”My Father and Your Father are in Hellfire” A Theoretical and Applied Study according to the Principles of Hadith Criticism and Evaluation “al-Jarh and al-Ta'dil”
The science of al-Jarh and al-Ta'dil has a lofty status and a high rank among the sciences of Shari'ah, as it is based on solid scientific foundations and objective controls. It is a science that deals with the men who transmit the hadith of the Prophet (peace be upon him), the relics and the news, and looking into the conditions of their acceptance and the reasons for their rejection, so that what is accepted is accepted, and what has one or more reasons for rejection is rejected. The importance of the science of jarh and ta'dīdīq is that it regulates the correctness of the hadīth from the weak, and that the first thing that must be done in jarh and ta'dīq is to collect all the narratives from the books of the Sunnah, so that some of them can be inferred. It turns out that the study of these methods together represents an integrated picture of understanding the hadith, taking into account the general from the specific, the restricted from the absolute, and the knowledge of the mansukh and nasuk. The theoretical aspect of the study focused on the theoretical foundations of the science of jarh and ta'deeq, and the applied aspect was useful in studying the hadith (My father and your father are in the fire) in terms of understanding the hadith and deflecting suspicions of what offends the Prophet's honor. The research came in an introduction, two research topics, and a conclusion with findings and recommendations. The introduction included the research objectives, the research question, the research methodology, the methodology, and the research plan.
Evaluation of the Inhibitory Effectiveness of Some Common Honeys in Libya against the Growth of Pathogenic Bacteria.
The use of natural products has become a common method in treating diseases due to their antioxidant and antibacterial compounds. Honey is an example of this. Honey is a natural product with a sweet taste, saturated with sugars, produced by bees from different plant sources, and has an effective effect in resisting and eliminating bacteria. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the inhibitory effectiveness of some honey samples collected from different regions of Libya, and compare their effect with antibiotics. The antimicrobial potential of different types of honey was tested against pathogenic bacterial strains using the agar diffusion method. The results showed that Sidr honey and a mixture of Sidr and spring honey showed the highest antibacterial activity against Gram-positive bacteria S. aureus, followed by Spring honey, which showed an inhibitory effect against Gram-negative bacteria K. pneumoniae, while other types of honey showed varying results against bacteria that vary according to the type and concentration of honey. Therefore, this study indicated that honey may be used as a natural product as an alternative to antibiotics.
Detection of Vitamin C in Samples of Some Crops in Zliten City
This research was concerned with collecting the fruits of plant crops from the Wadi Majer and Azdo regions in the city of Zliten. The infusion of these fruits and the aqueous extracts were prepared according to previous references and research. This research aims to detect the presence of vitamin C in the fruits of the plant samples selected for this study, which are lemon, pomegranate, pear, grape, date, sweet pepper, hot pepper and tomato. It was found that ascorbic acid was present in all plant samples except dates. The stability of vitamin C was also studied under storage conditions at room temperature and refrigerator temperature, and it was found that this vitamin has poor stability under storage conditions.
Impact of Nutrition on Memory and Cognitive Function Female of Teenage Al-Shimaa Secondary School Students in Zliten
By avoiding processed junk food and switching to a healthy diet rich in fiber and antioxidants, people can actually improve memory, brain development, and decrease the effects of conditions like Alzheimer's disease. They will also feel more focused, alert, and aware, and their cognitive performance will improve. The design of this study was a descriptive survey method. The study was conducted on Al-Shimaa School students, and 100 samples were selected, 97 of whom were answered, during the period from15th of February 2024 to 20thof May 2024.The data was analyzed and it was found that There is a correlation between frequent consumption of pastries and forgetting the phone code or phone number, a relationship between difficulty in memory and comprehension when studying, forgetting information before the exam and eating eggs during the day, Also it was shown that there is a -ve correlation (P<0.01) between forgetting schoolwork and using omega-3 pills and eating eggs , with a strength of 33%. This indicates that if the rate and use of omega-3 pills decreases, the person will be vulnerable to forgetfulness, which is represented by forgetting schoolwork .The study concluded that Following healthy diet containing nutrients essential for brain health, such as Omega-3, Vitamin E, Vitamin B12, and iron, healthy life style is essential to improve cognitive function and boost students memory, recommendation were made to overcome this problem.
Estimating the Effectiveness of Artemisia Herbalba Extract on Pathogenic Bacteria Isolated from Some patients of Zliten Medical Center
Due to the increasing rate of bacterial resistance, plants in general have become a primary source for exploring new antimicrobials. Historically and in modern healthcare, plants have served as a source of treatment for humans. One example is the Artemisia plant, which is known for its effective action against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative pathogenic bacteria. The aim of this research was to investigate the antibacterial properties of Artemisia and its potential as an alternative to certain antibiotics that have become less effective against pathogenic bacteria. Four types of pathogenic bacteria, obtained and identified from Zliten Medical Center, were used in this study. The results demonstrated that ethanol, hexane, and propanol extracts of Artemisia, at varying concentrations, along with 100% water extract, exhibited significant antibacterial effects. Among these, the propanol extract showed the highest inhibitory effect against all tested bacteria, including Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Acinetobacter spp., and Klebsiella pneumonia. The largest inhibition zone was observed against Acinetobacter spp. using the propanol extract, followed by ethanol extract, which showed the highest inhibition against Escherichia coli. Hexane extract demonstrated inhibitory activity against Staphylococcus aureus, whereas the water extract exhibited the least effect against all tested bacterial strains. Thus, Artemisia is rich in active compounds capable of inhibiting both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, making it a strong candidate as an alternative to antibiotics.
Evaluation of The Antibacterial Activity of Some Extracts of Date Palm (Phoenix Dactylifera) and Date Pits of The Bakrari Variety
Date fruits have been used for nutritional and therapeutic purposes in various parts of the world, especially in the Middle East. It is rich in many essential nutrients and a wide range of antioxidant compounds. Antibiotics play a fundamental role in treating infections. However, some pathogenic bacteria have begun to develop resistance to them, causing chronic infections. This study aimed to evaluate the antibacterial activity of five extracts of Bakrari dates and one extract specific to date pits, namely ethyl acetate extract: ethanol (1:1), chloroform: ethanol (1:1), ethanol and acetone: water (1:1), ethanol: water (1:1), and propanol extract specific to date pits to determine their antibacterial activity against four types of pathogenic bacteria, namely Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus, and Acinetobacter. spp. The results obtained showed that the ethyl acetate extract had a significant antibacterial activity compared to other extracts, as it showed the highest inhibition zone against S. aureus bacteria with an average inhibition zone (40 mm), and other extracts showed a diverse effect against other types of used bacteria, such that the effectiveness of the extract increases with increasing concentration. It is concluded that the Bakrari date fruits and date pits contain biologically active substances that have the ability to inhibit bacteria.
Regulations Governing the Transfer and Transplantation of Human Organs: A Comparative Study
The process of organ transplantation is a contemporary medical issue that doctors have recently resorted to as a means of treatment, and it has become necessary in some critical and urgent cases. Due to its wide spread in the medical field and its remarkable successes, it has become one of the real-world issues that Muslims must follow to understand the Sharia's perspective on its legitimacy and its compliance with its rules and regulations. This has led Sharia scholars to examine it through the lens of Islamic law and explore its alignment with the objectives of Sharia. The research aimed to clarify the views of Islamic law on this procedure, the regulations accompanying it, and compare all of this with the legal texts in Libyan legislation, while referencing some contemporary legislation from other countries. The research addresses the study of organ transplantation from its inception, how it originated, and how it has become a means of treatment. It also explores the forms of transplantation, clarifying which forms are prohibited and which are permissible, the essential elements required for the completion of the procedure, and the regulations governing it to make it permissible and beneficial. Additionally, it compares these regulations between Sharia and Libyan criminal law. The research includes an introduction, a preface, two chapters, a conclusion, and an index. The introduction covers the objectives and importance of the research, the reason for choosing the topic, the research problem, the research hypothesis, and methodology. The first chapter addresses organ transplantation from a living donor to another living person, divided into two sections: the first section discusses the Sharia ruling on transplantation, and the second section discusses the Sharia and legal regulations for transplantation. The second chapter discusses organ transplantation from a deceased donor to a living person, also divided into two sections: the first section covers the Sharia ruling, and the second section covers the regulations in both Sharia and law. The conclusion highlights the agreement between Sharia and the law on the permissibility of donation and the prohibition of organ sales, as well as the limited attention of the Libyan legislator to enacting many laws regulating transplantation and combating organ trafficking, along with a set of recommendations.